جون فردريك دانيال

(تم التحويل من جون دانييل)
جون فردريك دانيال
John Frederic Daniell
كيميائي و فيزيائي بريطاني
وُلِدَ12 March 1790 (1790-03-12)
توفي13 March 1845 (1845-03-14) (عن عمر 55)
المدرسة الأمجامعة أكسفورد (Doctor of Civil Law, 1842)
الجوائزوسام رمفورد (1832)
وسام كوپلي (1837)
الوسام الملكي (1842)
السيرة العلمية
المجالاتالكيمياء
الفيزياء
الهيئاتكلية الملك بلندن

جون فردريك دانيال John Frederic Daniell (عاش 12 مارس 1790 - 1845) كيميائي إنجليزي ولد في لندن وقام بإجراء كثير من البحوث حول طرق إنتاج الكهرباء عن طريق التفاعلات الكيمائية وأثمرت أبحاثه عن اختراع أول بطارية كهروكيمائية وأسماها خلية دانيال وهي خلية منقسمة لنصفين كل نصف يسمى نصف خلية أو قطب كما قام باختراع مقياس الرطوبة.

السيرة

ج.ف. دانيال

Daniell was born in London. In 1831 he became the first professor of chemistry at the newly founded King's College London; and in 1835 he was appointed to the equivalent post at the East India Company's Military Seminary at Addiscombe, Surrey.[1] His name is best known for his invention of the Daniell cell,[2] an element of an electric battery much better than voltaic cells. He also invented the dew-point hygrometer known by his name,[3] and a register pyrometer;[4] and in 1830 he erected in the hall of the Royal Society a water-barometer, with which he carried out a large number of observations.[5] A process devised by him for the manufacture of illuminating gas from turpentine and resin was in use in New York City for a time.[6]

In 1842 he was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Civil Law by the University of Oxford.[1]

المنشورات

Daniell's publications included Meteorological Essays (1823), an Essay on Artificial Climate considered in its Applications to Horticulture (1824), which showed the necessity of a humid atmosphere in hothouses devoted to tropical plants, and an Introduction to the Study of Chemical Philosophy (1839).[6]

المحاضرات

In 1840 he was invited to deliver the Royal Institution Christmas Lecture on The First Principles of Franklinic Electricity.

الوفاة والتخليد

Daniell died suddenly of apoplexy in London in March 1845, while attending a meeting of the council of the Royal Society, of which he had become a fellow in 1813 and Foreign Secretary in 1839.[6]

The lunar crater Daniell is named after him.[7]

انظر أيضاً

الهامش


"DANIELL, JOHN FREDERIC". Dictionary of national biography,. vol. 14: page 33. 1888. {{cite journal}}: |page= has extra text (help); |volume= has extra text (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)

جوائز وانجازات
سبقه
يونس ياكوب برزليوس و فرانسيس كيرنان
مدالية كوپلي
1837
بالتشارك مع أنطوان سيزار بكرل
تبعه
كارل فريدريش گاوس ومايكل فراداي
  1. ^ أ ب Vibart, H.M. (1894). Addiscombe: its heroes and men of note. Westminster: Archibald Constable. p. 133.
  2. ^ Philosophical Transactions, 1836.
  3. ^ Quarterly Journal of Science, 1820.
  4. ^ Philosophical Transactions, 1830.
  5. ^ Philosophical Transactions, 1832.
  6. ^ أ ب ت Chisholm 1911.
  7. ^ "Planetary Names: Moon - DANIELL". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
الكلمات الدالة: