مين أونگ هلينگ

(تم التحويل من Min Aung Hlaing)
في هذا article، لقب العائلة هو مين أون ليانگ.
مين أونگ هلينگ
မင်းအောင်လှိုင်
Photograph of Min Aung Hlaing smiling and wearing a black suit jacket, white shirt, Maroon tie, and a Myanamr flagpin.
Min Aung Hlaing in 2026
11th President of Myanmar
تولى المنصب
10 April 2026
Acting: 7 August 2025 – 10 April 2026[أ]
الرئيسماينت سوى (بالإنابة)
النائبسوى وين
سبقهWin Myint[ب]
Chairman of the State Administration Council
في المنصب
2 February 2021 – 31 July 2025
الرئيسماينت سوى (بالإنابة)
النائبSoe Win
سبقهAung San Suu Kyi (as State Counsellor)
خلـَفهOffice abolished[ت]
Other transitional positions
12th Prime Minister of Myanmar[ث]
في المنصب
1 August 2021 – 31 July 2025
الرئيسMyint Swe (acting)
سبقهOffice re-established; Thein Sein (2011)
خلـَفهNyo Saw
Chairman of the State Security and Peace Commission[ج]
في المنصب
31 July 2025 – 10 April 2026
النائبSoe Win
سبقهOffice established
خلـَفهOffice abolished
القائد الأعلى لخدمات الدفاع
تولى المنصب
30 مارس 2011
الرئيسثين سين
Htin Kyaw
Win Myint
Myint Swe (بالإنابة)
النائبSoe Win
مستشار الدولةأون سان سو تشي
سبقهثان شوى
Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services
في المنصب
30 March 2011 – 30 March 2026
الرئيس
DeputySoe Win
سبقهThan Shwe
خلـَفهYe Win Oo
Joint Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces
في المنصب
June 2010 – 30 March 2011
Commander-in-ChiefThan Shwe
سبقهShwe Mann
خلـَفهHla Htay Win
تفاصيل شخصية
وُلِد3 يوليو 1956 (العمر 70 سنة)
Minbu, Burma
القوميةبورمي
الحزبBSPP (until 1988)
USDP (2026–present)[ح]
الزوج
​
(m. 1980)​
الأنجال
التعليمYangon University (LLB)
Defence Services Academy
المدرسة الأمجامعة رانگون للفنون والعلوم (LL.B)
أكاديمية خدمة الدفاع
الوظيفة
  • Politician
  • military officer
التوقيع
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.seniorgeneralminaunghlaing.com.mm
الخدمة العسكرية
الولاء ميانمار
الفرع/الخدمة ميانمار
سنوات الخدمة1974–الحاضر
الرتبة Senior general
قادالقائد الأعلى لخدمات الدفاع
رئيس الأركان المشتركة
رئيس مكتب العمليات الخاصة-2 (BSO-2)
المعارك/الحروبInternal conflict in Myanmar

مين أونگ هلينگ (بالبورمية: မင်းအောင်လှိုင်، إنگليزية: Min Aung Hlaing؛ و. 3 يوليو 1956)، هو جنرال بورمي ورئيس وزراء ميانمار الحالي في أعقاب تشكيل حكومة تسيير الأعمال في 1 أغسطس 2021. كان رئيس مجلس إدارة الدولة في ميانمار، المنصب الذي جعله زعيم البلاد الفعلي، من 2 فبراير 2021 حتى 1 أغسطس 2021.[11][12]


is a Burmese politician and retired military officer who has been the 11th president of Myanmar since April 2026, having ruled the country continuously since seizing power in February 2021 through a military coup d'état against the elected government. Prior to the start of his nominally civilian presidency, he was a military ruler under various titles.[خ] He was appointed the commander-in-chief of Defence Services—the leader of the Tatmadaw—in 2011 and remained in that post through the period of military rule, until stepping down in 2026 to become the president.

Born in Minbu, Min Aung Hlaing studied law at the Rangoon Arts and Science University before joining the military. Rising through its ranks, he became Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services by 2011 and a senior general by 2013. After the 2015 general election saw the National League for Democracy (NLD) assume power, he worked to ensure the military's continued role in politics and forestalled the peace process with ethnic armed organizations. A United Nations fact-finding mission found he orchestrated the Rohingya genocide, for which the International Criminal Court is formally considering issuing an arrest warrant against him. He maintained an adversarial relationship with democratically elected State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi of the NLD, though she defended him against genocide charges. Min Aung Hlaing baselessly claimed widespread voting irregularities and electoral fraud in the 2020 general election, in which the NLD won a landslide re-election. He then seized power from Aung San Suu Kyi in the 2021 coup d'état. With the outbreak of mass protests against his rule, Min Aung Hlaing ordered a clampdown and suppression of demonstrations, sparking an ongoing civil war.

Min Aung Hlaing's forces have employed scorched earth tactics in the civil war, including airstrikes on civilians. He has ordered the execution of prominent pro-democracy activists, the first use of the death penalty in decades. In 2023, he passed an election law that heavily favored the military-backed USDP and used the law as a pretext to ban the NLD. In 2024, he activated Myanmar's conscription law to draft 60,000 young people into the Tatmadaw. In foreign policy, he has resisted influence from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and relied on greater cooperation with Russia, China, and India. In response to his human rights abuses and corruption, Min Aung Hlaing and his government have been subjected to an extensive series of international sanctions, returning Myanmar to its former status as a pariah state. He oversaw the heavily controlled 2025–26 general election that officially showed a landslide USDP victory. Afterwards, he stepped down as Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services and was elected by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw as the president of Myanmar, leading the transition to a nominally civilian government.

Early life and education

Min Aung Hlaing was born on 3 July 1956 in Minbu, Magway Region, Burma (now Myanmar), to Khin Hlaing and Hla Mu, as the fourth of five children.[13] His parents were teachers from Dawei, in Tanintharyi Region.[14] His family moved to Mandalay for work when he was 5 years old. His father, Khin Hlaing, was an artist.[15]

Min Aung Hlaing passed his matriculation exam in 1972 at Basic Education High School No. 1 Latha (BEHS 1 Latha) of Rangoon (now Yangon).[16][17] He attended and studied law at the Rangoon Arts and Science University from 1973 to 1974. On his third attempt, he was admitted to the Defence Services Academy in 1974 as part of the 19th Intake, and he graduated in 1977.[18][19] According to classmates, Min Aung Hlaing was taciturn, and an unremarkable cadet.[20] He was reportedly shunned by classmates because of his reserved personality.[16]

مسيرته المهنية

القائد الأعلى لقوات المسلحة

2011–2015: حكم حزب الاتحاد للتضامن والتنمية

2016–2020: الانتقال إلى حكم الرابطة الوطنية من أجل الديمقراطية

مين أون ليانگ يلتقي رئيس الوزراء الهندي نارندرا مودي في نيودلهي، 29 يوليو 2015.
مين أون ليانگ يلتقي الرئيس الفلپيني رودريگو دوترتي في ناي‌پيي‌داو، ميانمار، 20 مارس 2017.



2020–الحاضر: الانقلاب العسكري

In November 2020, Min Aung Hlaing made a series of public comments questioning the legitimacy of the upcoming 2020 election, in potential violation of the Civil Services Personnel Law.[21] On 5 November, the Tatmadaw declared that Min Aung Hlaing's rank is equivalent to Vice President of Myanmar.[22] After casting his ballot in the 2020 election, Min Aung Hlaing vowed to accept the election results.[23] The 2020 election saw NLD win in a larger landslide than in 2015, forestalling Min Aung Hlaing's political ambitions. In response, the military began intensifying allegations of electoral fraud and irregularities, submitting formal complaints to the Union Election Commission. On 27 January 2021, Min Aung Hlaing publicly remarked that he would not rule out a coup d'état and abolition of the constitution, if allegations of voter fraud during last year’s election were not adequately addressed.[24] These comments sparked concern about another potential coup in the country.[25] The following day, the Union Election Commission issued a statement rejecting claims of electoral fraud, citing the lack of evidence submitted to substantiate these claims.[26] On 29 January, the military issued clarifying statements pledging to protect and abide by the constitution and applicable laws.[27]

By violating 2008 Constitution of Myanmar, on 01/Feb/2021, Min Aung Hlaing detained elected democracy leaders including President U Win Myint, State Councillor Daw Aung San Su Kyi and declared himself as commander in chief of Myanmar, one day before democratically-elected members of parliament were scheduled to be sworn in as members of the Assembly of the Union. The following day, he established the State Administration Council as the country's interim ruling body.[28][29]

On 22 May 2021, Min Aung Hlaing gave his first interview since the coup to Hong Kong-based Chinese language Phoenix Television. During the interview, he referred to deposed leader Aung San Suu Kyi and he said that she "is in good health. She is at her home and healthy. She is going to face trial at the court in a few days."[30] On the same day, Myanmar Now reported that shortly after the coup, Min Aung Hlaing appointed himself indefinitely as the commander-in-chief and therefore the de facto leader of Myanmar.[31]

رئاسة الوزراء

الجنرال مين أون ليانگ.

في 1 أغسطس 2021، كشفت وسائل إعلام رسمية، أن زعيم المجلس العسكري الحاكم في ميانمار مين أون ليانگ، تولى كذلك منصب رئيس الوزراء في حكومة انتقالية مشكلة حديثاً. وتأتي الخطوة بعد ستة أشهر من انتزاع الجيش السلطة من يد حكومة مدنية. وترأس مين أون ليانگ مجلس إدارة الدولة المدعوم من الجيش الذي تولى إدارة البلاد منذ الانقلاب الذي وقع في الأول من فبراير وستحل الحكومة الانتقالية محله. وقالت قناة مياوادي التلفزيونية الرسمية: "من أجل تنفيذ المهام في البلاد بسرعة وسهولة وفاعلية، تم تحويل مجلس إدارة الدولة إلى حكومة ميانمار الانتقالية".[32]


إبادة الروهنگيا

المقالة الرئيسية: إبادة الروهنگيا

The UNHRC reported that Min Aung Hlaing's soldiers have been deliberately targeting civilians in Northern states of Myanmar and have been committing systemic discrimination and human rights violations against minority communities in Rakhine State.[33] In particular, he has been accused of ethnic cleansing against the Rohingya people.[34] These human rights violations could amount to genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes.[35]

In 2018, the United Nations Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar, led by Marzuki Darusman, determined that Min Aung Hlaing and other Myanmar military generals oversaw atrocities against the Rohingya in Rakhine, Kachin and Shan states, and did so with genocidal intent.[36] The UN investigative panel said that Min Aung Hlaing, along with four other commanders (Soe Win, Aung Kyaw Zaw, Maung Maung Soe, and Than Oo) should be tried for war crimes and crimes against humanity (including genocide) in the International Criminal Court or an ad hoc international tribunal.[36]

Facebook banned Min Aung Hlaing from its platform along with 19 other top Burmese officials and organisations to prevent further heated ethnic and religious tensions in Myanmar. This action followed a UN investigation's report that certain military leaders in Myanmar be investigated and prosecuted for genocide over a crackdown on Rohingya Muslims.[37][38] Twitter later banned him on 16 May 2019.[39]

On 17 March 2019, Kyaw Zaw Oo, an Arakanese MP, published a bilingual open letter to Min Aung Hlaing about many violations of Tatmadaw in Rakhine State, inflicting on lives and property of the civilians, damaging some buildings of cultural heritage as well.[40][41]

The United States has imposed sanctions against Min Aung Hlaing. In July 2019, the U.S. government banned him from travel to the United States.[42] In December 2020, it froze Min Aung Hlaing's American-based assets and criminalized financial transactions between him and anyone in the United States.[42][43]

الفساد

العقوبات

حياته الشخصية

ترقيات

  • Major General – 2008/2009[44]
  • Lieutenant General – Late 2009[44]
  • General – Early 2011[44]
  • Vice-Senior General – Early 2012[44]
  • Senior General – March 2013[44]

جوائز وتكريمات

المصادر

  1. ^ Wee, Sui-Lee (11 August 2025). "U Myint Swe, 74, Acting President of Myanmar Installed by Military, Dies". New York Times. Retrieved 7 December 2025.
  2. ^ "Pro Tem Presidential duties transferred to State Administration Council Chairman" (PDF). Vol. XI, no. 98. Global New Light of Myanmar. 23 July 2024. p. 1. Retrieved 7 December 2025.
  3. ^ Min Aung Hlaing (31 July 2025). "National Defence and Security Council Order 1/2025" (PDF). Global New Light of Myanmar. Retrieved 21 March 2026.
  4. ^ Min Aung Hlaing (3 February 2026). "National Defence and Security Council Law 3/2026" (PDF). Global New Light of Myanmar. Retrieved 21 March 2026.
  5. ^ Paddock, Richard C. (17 April 2026). "Myanmar Frees Ousted President, but Not Daw Aung San Suu Kyi". The New York Times. Retrieved 18 April 2026.
  6. ^ Strangio, Sebastian (1 February 2024). "Myanmar Junta Again Extends State of Emergency Ahead of Coup Anniversary". The Diplomat. Retrieved 11 March 2025.
  7. ^ "Junta Watch: Old Faces Reappear, Coup Leader Declares Himself Buddhism's Savior and More". The Irrawaddy. 5 February 2022. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  8. ^ Peck, Grant (31 July 2025). "Myanmar ends state of emergency and military leader switches roles to prepare for polls". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 31 July 2025. Retrieved 19 April 2026. Also, existing administrative bodies formed after the army takeover, including the State Administration Council, have been now dissolved and all government functions have been handed to the National Defense and Security Council, the spokesperson said. The council is nominally a constitutional administrative government body, but is in practice controlled by the military. Min Aung Hlaing, as acting president, is already its key member.
  9. ^ Aung Lin Dwe (1 August 2021). "State Administration Council Order No 152/2021" (PDF). Global New Light of Myanmar. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
  10. ^ "Senior General Min Aung Hlaing to lead new State Security and Peace Commission". NP News. 19 April 2026. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
  11. ^ "Myanmar coup: Min Aung Hlaing, the general who seized power". BBC News (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). 2021-02-01. Retrieved 2021-02-02.
  12. ^ "Myanmar military announces new State Administration Council". The Myanmar Times. 2021-02-02. Retrieved 2021-02-03.
  13. ^ "တပ်မတော် ကာကွယ်ရေးဦးစီးချုပ် ဗိုလ်ချုပ်မှူးကြီး မင်းအောင်လှိုင်နှင့် ရုရှားဖက်ဒရေးရှင်းနိုင်ငံ Politic မဂ္ဂဇင်းတို့၏ မေးမြန်းဖြေကြားမှုများကို Politic မဂ္ဂဇင်း၌ ထည့်သွင်းဖော်ပြ". cincds.gov.mm (in البورمية). 2020-08-07. Archived from the original on 4 August 2022. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
  14. ^ "For Myanmar's top general, a maximum-security mansion, complete with its own telecoms tower". Myanmar NOW (in الإنجليزية). 21 November 2021. Archived from the original on 1 February 2022. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  15. ^ "Politic magazine features its interview with Senior General Min Aung Hlaing under the heading The Armed Forces is the guarantee for the perpetuation of peace, sovereignty and territorial integrity of a nation". mwddailynewspapergroup. 8 August 2020. Archived from the original on 21 February 2026. Retrieved 21 February 2026.
  16. ^ أ ب "Vice-Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, Tatmadaw Commander-in-Chief". Alternative Asean Network. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  17. ^ "တပ်မတော်ကာကွယ်ရေးဦးစီးချုပ်သစ်နှင့် အမေရိကန် မြန်မာ တပ်မတော်နှစ်ရပ် ဆက်ဆံရေး – အပိုင်း (၁)". VOA News (in البورمية). 2 April 2011. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.
  18. ^ "Min Aung Hlaing and His Generals: Some Biographical Notes". FULCRUM (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 2021-08-04. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 2022-09-22.
  19. ^ Barron, Laignee (3 November 2017). "Meet Min Aung Hlaing, the Chief of Myanmar's Notorious Military". Time. Archived from the original on 29 September 2018. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  20. ^ Mclaughlin, Timothy; Webb, Simon (24 February 2016). "Amid transition, Myanmar's Senior General emerges from the shadows". Reuters (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  21. ^ "Min Aung Hlaing's election remarks violate law, says President's Office". Myanmar NOW (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  22. ^ "ဗိုလ်ချုပ်မှူးကြီးမင်းအောင်လှိုင်သည် ဒုတိယသမ္မတအဆင့်ရှိသူဟု တပ်မတော်ထုတ်ပြန်". The Myanmar Times (in البورمية). 5 November 2020. Archived from the original on 13 November 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  23. ^ "Military chief Min Aung Hlaing vows to accept election results after public spat with government". Myanmar NOW (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  24. ^ "Commander-in-chief says 'constitution can be repealed'". Myanmar NOW (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  25. ^ "Tatmadaw chief's rhetoric fuels fears of a coup". Frontier Myanmar (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  26. ^ "Myanmar Election Authority Rejects Military Claims of Election Fraud". Radio Free Asia (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  27. ^ Naing, Shoon (2021-01-30). "Myanmar military allays coup fears, says it will protect constitution". Reuters (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  28. ^ "ပြည်ထောင်စုသမ္မတမြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော် တပ်မတော်ကာကွယ်ရေးဦးစီးချုပ်ရုံး အမိန့်အမှတ်(၉/၂၀၂၁) ၁၃၈၂ ခုနှစ်၊ ပြာသိုလပြည့်ကျော် ၆ ရက် ၂၀၂၁ ခုနှစ်၊ ဖေဖော်ဝါရီလ ၂ ရက်". Tatmadaw Information Team (in البورمية). Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  29. ^ "Myanmar military announces new State Administration Council". The Myanmar Times. 2 February 2021. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  30. ^ "Myanmar junta leader says Suu Kyi in good health". Reuters. 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  31. ^ "Min Aung Hlaing makes himself military supremo for life". Myanmar Now. 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  32. ^ "وسائل إعلام رسمية: حاكم ميانمار العسكري يصبح رئيسا للوزراء". روسيا اليوم. 2021-08-01. Retrieved 2021-08-01.
  33. ^ Section, United Nations News Service (20 June 2016). "UN News – Myanmar must address 'serious' human rights violations against minorities – UN rights chief". UN News Service Section (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
  34. ^ Farmaner, Mark (13 September 2017). "Only One Person Can Stop Ethnic Cleansing In Myanmar, And It Isn't Aung San Suu Kyi". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 9 February 2019. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  35. ^ "Burma's Military Milestone". Human Rights Watch. 30 March 2015. Archived from the original on 4 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  36. ^ أ ب Nebehay, Stephanie (August 27, 2018). "Myanmar generals had "genocidal intent" against Rohingya, must face justice - UN". Reuters (in الإنجليزية).
  37. ^ "Facebook bans Myanmar army chief over rights abuses". The Times of India. 27 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.[dead link]
  38. ^ "Facebook bans Myanmar Army Chief Min Aung Hlaing, 19 others over rights abuses". News Nation. 27 August 2018. Archived from the original on 27 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  39. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  40. ^ Open Letter to Senior General Min Aung Hlaing from U Kyaw Zaw Oo about damage to cultural heritage, fatalities and casualties incurred by intentional and indiscriminate attacks of Myanma Tatmadaw on non-military targets. Kyaw Zaw Oo. 2019. Archived from the original on 27 December 2020. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
  41. ^ သမိုင်းဝင် ယဉ်ကျေးမှုဆိုင်ရာအဆောက်အအုံများအပါအဝင် စစ်ဖက်ပစ်မှတ်မဟုတ်သည့်နေရာများသို့ တမင်သက်သက် ပစ်ခတ်ကြသဖြင့် သေဆုံးထိခိုက်ကြရသည့်ကိစ္စ အိတ်ဖွင့်ပေးစာ (in البورمية). Kyaw Zaw Oo. 2019. Archived from the original on 27 December 2020. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
  42. ^ أ ب "US Tightens Sanctions on Myanmar Army Chief". Voice of America (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  43. ^ "Treasury Sanctions Individuals for Roles in Atrocities and Other Abuses". U.S. Department of the Treasury. Archived from the original on 7 December 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  44. ^ أ ب ت ث ج خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة ranksawarded
مناصب سياسية
سبقه
Aung San Suu Kyi
بصفته مستشار الدولة 		رئيس مجلس إدارة الدولة
2021–الحاضر 		الحالي
مناصب عسكرية
سبقه
ثان شوي 		القائد الأعلى لخدمات الدفاع
2011–الحاضر 		الحالي


خطأ استشهاد: وسوم <ref> موجودة لمجموعة اسمها "lower-alpha"، ولكن لم يتم العثور على وسم <references group="lower-alpha"/>

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