إسكالونا
إسكالونا
Escalona | |
|---|---|
| Escalona del Alberche | |
 | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  إسكالونا Location of Escalona within Castilla-La Mancha  إسكالونا إسكالونا (اسبانيا) | |
| Coordinates: 40°10′15″N 4°24′19″W / 40.17083°N 4.40528°W | |
| البلد | إسبانيا |
| الإقليم الذاتي | قشتالة-المنشأ |
| المقاطعة | طليطلة |
| كوماركة | توريخوس |
| Judicial district | Torrijos |
| تأسست | Ver texto |
| Government | |
| • [[ ]] | Álvaro Gutiérrez Prieto (2007) |
| Area | |
• Total | 73 كم² (28 ميل²) |
| Elevation | 550 m (1٬800 ft) |
| Demonym | Escaloneros |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| الرمز البريدي | 45910 |
| Dialing code | 925 |
| Website | Official website |
Escalona is a municipality located in the north of the province of Toledo, which in turn is part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2017 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 3,240 inhabitants, many of whom live in the several housing estates outside the town itself.
The town lies 30 metres above the right bank of the river Alberche, in the comarca of Torrijos, which is a part of the historical region of New Castile.
التاريخ
Escalona's strategic location, on the Alberche river and between Avila and Toledo, suggests there may have been a fortress there in Roman times or during the Visigoth period. Following the استعادة طليطلة (1085), by Alfonso VI of León and Castile, it was a key defensive point against raids by the Almoravides and Almohades that attacked the place in 1131, 1137 and, again, in 1196.[1]
The Mudéjar-style Castle of Escalona, built in the 15th century,[1] is the most characteristic building of the town.
Historically, there was a Jewish community in Esacalona, dating to before the Christian conquest in 1083, but remained in the town after it. The rights of the Jews in Escalona were established by the town's municipal charter, granting them equal status with Christians and Moors. A Jewish quarter existed from 1477 to 1489; in 1483, the Muslim mosque was included in the Jewish quarter. Isaac Abarbanel had business interests in Escalona. The community continued to exist until the 1492 expulsion of the Jews.[2]
السكان
| السنة | تعداد | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 1٬272 | — |
| 1910 | 1٬553 | +22.1% |
| 1920 | 1٬634 | +5.2% |
| 1930 | 1٬758 | +7.6% |
| 1940 | 1٬821 | +3.6% |
| 1950 | 1٬806 | −0.8% |
| 1960 | 1٬643 | −9.0% |
| 1970 | 1٬429 | −13.0% |
| 1981 | 1٬537 | +7.6% |
| 1991 | 1٬763 | +14.7% |
| 2001 | 2٬193 | +24.4% |
| 2011 | 3٬540 | +61.4% |
| 2021 | 3٬441 | −2.8% |
| 2023 | 3٬669 | +6.6% |
| Source: INE[3][4] | ||
البلدات التوأم
- Villena, Spain
- Peñafiel, Spain
أشخاص بارزون
- Jerónimo de Cevallos (1560–1641), jurist. He was the subject of El Greco's Portrait of Jerónimo de Cevallos (1613)
- Dukes of Escalona
- Juan Manuel (1282–1348), writer
- Esteban de Aguilar y Zúñiga, theologian
المراجع
- ^ أ ب (in إسپانية) Sureda Pons, Joan, ed. (1998). España Gótica: Castilla-La Mancha, pp. 142-5. Ediciones Encuentro. ISBN 8474905095. Google Books. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
- ^ "Escalona". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved 28 June 2024.
- ^ "Toledo(3078)". INE (in الإسبانية). Retrieved 2024-02-19.
- ^ "Toledo: Población por municipios y sexo. (2902)". INE (in الإسبانية). Retrieved 2024-02-19.
وصلات خارجية
- Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) website
- Official website of the Diputación Provincial de Toledo Archived 2021-01-27 at the Wayback Machine
