انجذاب جنسي

"Sex appeal" redirects here. For other uses, see Sex Appeal.
The Flirtation (1904), by Eugene de Blaas

الانجذاب الجنسي إنگليزية: Sexual attraction هو انجذاب يحدث بين جميع أنواع الكائنات الحية التي تتكاثر جنسيا بغرض القيام بالنشاط الجنسي

في الإنسان

تختلف الأشياء الجذابة جنسيا في الإنسان بأختلاف الثقافات والمناطق, ولكن أكثر ما يحدث الإنجذاب الجنسي هي الأشياء الحسية خصوصا في بداية العلاقة مثل :

  • البصر : كيف يبدو شكل الشخص وملبسه
  • الرائحة : كيف تبدو رائحة الشخص سواء كانت طبيعية أو اصطناعية, فالرائحة الغير مناسبة تكون طاردة جنسيا
  • الصوت: كيف يبدو صوت الشخص أو صوت حركته

Sex and sexuality differences

جزء من سلسلة عن
الاختلافات الجنسية بين البشر
الحيوية
الطبية والصحية
العصبية والنفسية
الاجتماعية

Men have been found to have a greater interest in uncommitted sex compared to women.[1] Some research shows this interest to be more sociological than biological.[2] Men have a greater interest in visual sexual stimuli than women. However,[3] additional trends have been found with a greater sensitivity to partner status in women choosing a sexual partner and men placing a greater emphasis on physical attractiveness in a potential mate, as well as a significantly greater tendency toward sexual jealousy in men and emotional jealousy in women.[4]

Bailey, Gaulin, Agyei, and Gladue (1994) analyzed whether these results varied according to sexual orientation. In general, they found biological sex played a bigger role in the psychology of sexual attraction than orientation. However, there were some differences between homosexual and heterosexual women and men on these factors. While gay and straight men showed similar psychological interest in casual sex on markers of sociosexuality, gay men showed a larger number of partners in behaviour expressing this interest (proposed to be due to a difference in opportunity). Self-identified lesbian women showed a significantly greater interest in visual sexual stimuli than heterosexual women and judged partner status to be less important in romantic partnerships. Heterosexual men had a significantly greater preference for younger partners than homosexual men.[5] People who identify as asexual may not be sexually attracted to anyone. Gray asexuality includes those who only experience sexual attraction under certain circumstances; for example, exclusively after an emotional bond has been formed. This tends to vary from person to person.

Sexual preferences and hormones

The ovulatory shift hypothesis is the theory that female humans tend to exhibit different sexual behaviours and desires at points in their cycle. Two meta-analyses published in 2014 reached opposing conclusions on whether the existing evidence was robust enough to support the prediction that women's mate preferences change across the cycle.[6][7] A newer 2018 review does not show women changing the type of men they desire at different times in their fertility cycle.[8]

In males, a masculine face has been positively correlated with fewer respiratory diseases and, as a consequence, masculine features offer a marker of health and reproductive success.[9]

Ovulation

Hormone levels throughout the menstrual cycle affect a woman's behaviour in preferences and in their overt behaviours. The ornamentation effect is a phenomenon influenced by a stage of the menstrual cycle which refers to the way a woman presents herself to others, in a way to attract potential sexual partners. Studies have found that the closer women were to ovulation, the more provocatively they dress and the more attractive they are rated.[10]

It is possible that women are sensitive to the changes in their physical attractiveness throughout their cycles, such that at their most fertile stages their levels of attractiveness are increased. Consequently, they choose to display their increased levels of attractiveness through this method of ornamentation.[11]

During periods of hormonal imbalance, women exhibit a peak in sexual activity.[12] As these findings have been recorded for female-initiated sexual activity and not for male-initiated activity, the causation appears to be hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle.[12]

Research has also found that menstrual cycles affect sexual behaviour frequency in pre-menopausal women. For example, women who had weekly sexual intercourse with men had menstrual cycles with the average duration of 29 days, while women with less frequent sexual interactions tended to have more extreme cycle lengths.[13] Hormonal contraception can affect the sexual attraction.[14]

Male response to ovulation

Changes in hormones during a female's cycles affect the way she behaves and the way males behave towards her. Research has found that men are a lot more attentive and loving towards their partners when they are in the most fertile phase of their cycles, in comparison to when they are in the luteal phases.[15] Men become increasingly jealous and possessive over their partners during this stage.[16]

انظر ايضا

الهامش

  1. ^ Buss, D. M., & Shmitt, D. P. (1993). "Sexual strategies theory: A contextual evolutionary analysis of human mating". Psychological Review: 100, 204–232.
  2. ^ Conley, T. D. (2011). "Perceived proposer personality characteristics and gender differences in acceptance of casual sex offers". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 100 (2): 309–329. doi:10.1037/a0022152. PMID 21171789.
  3. ^ Ellis, B.J.; Symons, D. (1990). "Sex differences in sexual fantasy: An evolutionary psychological approach". Journal of Sex Research. 27 (4): 527–555. doi:10.1080/00224499009551579.
  4. ^ Wiederman, M. W.; Allgeier, E. R. (1992). "Gender differences in mate selection criteria: Sociobiological or socioeconomic explanation?". Ethology and Sociobiology. 13 (2): 115–124. doi:10.1016/0162-3095(92)90021-u.
  5. ^ Bailey, J.M.; Gaulin, S.; Agyei, Y.; Gladue, B. (1994). "Effects of gender and sexual orientation on evolutionarily relevant aspects of human mating psychology". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 66 (6): 1081–1093. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.66.6.1081. PMID 8046578.
  6. ^ Gildersleeve, Kelly; Haselton, Martie G.; Fales, Melissa R. (2014). "Do women's mate preferences change across the ovulatory cycle? A meta-analytic review". Psychological Bulletin (Meta-analysis). 140 (5): 1205–1259. Bibcode:2014PsycB.140.1205G. doi:10.1037/a0035438. PMID 24564172.
  7. ^ Wood, Wendy; Kressel, Laura; Joshi, Priyanka D.; Louie, Brian (2014). "Meta-analysis of menstrual cycle effects on women's mate preferences". Emotion Review. 6 (3): 229–249. doi:10.1177/1754073914523073. S2CID 4641508.
  8. ^ Jones, Benedict C.; Hahn, Amanda C.; Debruine, Lisa M. (2019). "Ovulation, Sex Hormones, and Women's Mating Psychology" (PDF). Trends in Cognitive Sciences (Review). 23 (1): 51–62. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2018.10.008. PMID 30477896. S2CID 53715304. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-11-28. Retrieved 2021-12-19.
  9. ^ Thornhill, Randy; Gangestad, Steven W. (March 2006). "Facial sexual dimorphism, developmental stability, and susceptibility to disease in men and women" (PDF). Evolution and Human Behavior. 27 (2): 131–144. Bibcode:2006EHumB..27..131T. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2005.06.001. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-12-03. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
  10. ^ Haselton, Martie G.; Mortezaie, Mina; Pillsworth, Elizabeth G.; Bleske-Rechek, April; Frederick, David A. (2007-01-01). "Ovulatory shifts in human female ornamentation: Near ovulation, women dress to impress". Hormones and Behavior. 51 (1): 40–45. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.07.007. PMID 17045994. S2CID 9268718.
  11. ^ Haselton, Martie G.; Gangestad, Steven W. (2006-04-01). "Conditional expression of women's desires and men's mate guarding across the ovulatory cycle". Hormones and Behavior. 49 (4): 509–518. Bibcode:2006HoBeh..49..509H. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2005.10.006. ISSN 0018-506X. PMID 16403409. S2CID 7065777.
  12. ^ أ ب Adams, D. B.; Gold, A. R.; Burt, B. A. (1978). "Rise in female-initiated sexual activity at ovulation and its suppression by oral contraceptives". The New England Journal of Medicine. 299 (21): 1145–1150. doi:10.1056/nejm197811232992101. PMID 703805.
  13. ^ Cutler, Winnifred B.; Garcia, Celso R.; Freiger, Abba (December 1978). "Sexual Behaviour Frequency and menstrual cycle length in mature premenopausal women". Psychoneuroendocrinology. 4 (4): 297–309. doi:10.1016/0306-4530(79)90014-3. PMID 523588. S2CID 1553727.
  14. ^ Alvergne, Alexandra; Lummaa, Virpi (2010). "Does the contraceptive pill alter mate choice in humans?". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. Elsevier BV. 25 (3): 171–179. Bibcode:2010TEcoE..25..171A. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.08.003. ISSN 0169-5347. PMID 19818527.
  15. ^ Pillsworth, Elizabeth G.; Haselton, Martie G. (2006-07-01). "Male sexual attractiveness predicts differential ovulatory shifts in female extra-pair attraction and male mate retention". Evolution and Human Behavior (in الإنجليزية). 27 (4): 247–258. Bibcode:2006EHumB..27..247P. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2005.10.002. ISSN 1090-5138.
  16. ^ Gangestad, Steven W; Thornhill, Randy; Garver, Christine E (2002-05-07). "Changes in women's sexual interests and their partners' mate-retention tactics across the menstrual cycle: evidence for shifting conflicts of interest". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 269 (1494): 975–982. Bibcode:2002PBioS.269..975G. doi:10.1098/rspb.2001.1952. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 1690982. PMID 12028782.

ملاحظات

وصلات خارجية

تمّ الاسترجاع من "https://www.marefa.org/w/index.php?title=انجذاب_جنسي&oldid=4280170"