بيونير 11

Pioneer 11

Pioneer 11 at Saturn (artist's impression)
المشغل	ARC / NASA
المتعهدون الرئيسيون	TRW
نوع المهمة	Flyby
المرور على	Jupiter, Saturn
تاريخ الاقلاع	1973-04-06 02:11:00 UTC (53 years, 3 months and 15 days ago)
مركبة الإطلاق	Atlas/Centaur/TE364-4
موقع الإطلاق	Space Launch Complex 36A Cape Canaveral Air Force Station
مدة المهمة	Apr 6, 1973 - Sep 30, 1995 (22 years, 5 months, 25 days) (lost communication)  Jupiter flyby  (completed 1975-01-01)  Saturn flyby  (completed 1979-10-05)  Interstellar mission  (completed 1995-09-30)
COSPAR ID	1973-019A
صفحة الإنترنت	Pioneer Project website(archived) NASA Archive
الكتلة	259 kg (571 lb)
الطاقة	165.0 W (4 SNAP-19 RTGs)

رسم فني

پيونير 11 (Pioneer 11 (و يعرف كذلك ب Pioneer-G)) مسبار فضائي تم إطلاقه من قبل ناسا في 5 أبريل 1973، تعتبر أول مركبة تحلق بالقرب من كوكب زحل، و كان ذالك في عام 1979 . بعد أن نجح في المرور عبر حزام الكويكبات في 19 أبريل 1974 ، عدل سرعته لسير قرب المشترى. كانت البعثة الثانية من برنامج بيونير لاستكشاف كوكب المشتري ، والنظام الشمسي الخارجي.

 أنظر أيضاً

• بيونير 10
• ڤويدجر 1
• ڤويدجر
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Images of the spacecraft

Pioneer 11 spacecraft design. Pioneer 11 spacecraft design.  Pioneer 11 spin stabilization testing. Pioneer 11 spin stabilization testing.  The Pioneer plaque fixed to the space probe. The Pioneer plaque fixed to the space probe.   Pioneer 11 being encapsulated for launch. Pioneer 11 being encapsulated for launch.

• وسائط متعلقة بـPioneer 11 من مشاع المعرفة.

 Mission profile

Timeline of travel

Date Event 1973-04-06 Spacecraft launched at 02:11:00. 1974-04-19 Passage through the asteroid belt. 1974-11-03 Start Jupiter observation phase. Time Event 1974-12-02 Encounter with Jovian system. 08:21:00 Callisto flyby at 786,500 km. 22:09:00 Ganymede flyby at 692,300 km. 1974-12-03 03:11:00 Io flyby at 314,000 km. 04:15:00 Europa flyby at 586,700 km. 05:00:21 Jupiter shadow entry. 05:01:01 Jupiter occultation entry. 05:21:19 Jupiter closest approach at 42,828 km. 05:33:52 Jupiter shadow exit. 05:43:03 Jupiter occultation exit. 22:29:00 Amalthea flyby at 127,500 km. 1975-01-01 Phase stop. 1979-07-31 Start Saturn observation phase. Time Event 1979-08-29 Encounter with Saturnian system. 06:06:10 Iapetus flyby at 1,032,535 km. 11:53:33 Phoebe flyby at 13,713,574 km. 1979-08-31 12:32:33 Hyperion flyby at 666,153 km. 1979-09-01 14:26:56 Descending ring plane crossing. 14:50:55 Epimetheus flyby at 6,676 km. 15:06:32 Atlas flyby at 45,960 km. 15:59:30 Dione flyby at 291,556 km. 16:26:28 Mimas flyby at 104,263 km. 16:29:34 Saturn closest approach at 20,591 km. 16:35:00 Saturn occultation entry. 16:35:57 Saturn shadow entry. 16:51:11 Janus flyby at 228,988 km. 17:53:32 Saturn occultation exit. 17:54:47 Saturn shadow exit. 18:21:59 Ascending ring plane crossing. 18:25:34 Tethys flyby at 329,197 km. 18:30:14 Enceladus flyby at 222,027 km. 20:04:13 Calypso flyby at 109,916 km. 22:15:27 Rhea flyby at 345,303 km. 1979-09-02 18:00:33 Titan flyby at 362,962 km. 1979-10-05 Phase stop. 1979-10-05 Begin Pioneer Interstellar Mission. More 1985-02- Instrument power sharing began due to declining generator power output. 1990-- Passed the orbit of Pluto. 1995-09-30 Routine daily mission operations stopped. Pioneer 11 is 6.5 billion km from Earth. 1995-11-30 Last signal received. :61-94

 الاطلاق والمدار

Pioneer 11 launching from Space Launch Complex 36A. Pioneer 11 launching from Space Launch Complex 36A.

• وسائط متعلقة بـPioneer 11 من مشاع المعرفة.

Pioneer 11 Jupiter encounter. Pioneer 11 Jupiter encounter.  Approach on Jupiter. Approach on Jupiter.  The Great Red Spot imaged by Pioneer 11. The Great Red Spot imaged by Pioneer 11.  The Great Red Spot prior to closest approach. The Great Red Spot prior to closest approach.

Cloud bands along the edge of Jupiter. Cloud bands along the edge of Jupiter.  Beginning polar gravity assist Beginning polar gravity assist  Jupiter polar region from 1,079,000 km. Jupiter polar region from 1,079,000 km.  Io imaged from 756,000 km. Io imaged from 756,000 km.

• وسائط متعلقة بـPioneer 11 Jupiter encounter من مشاع المعرفة.

 ملاقاة زحل

Pioneer 11 and Saturn rings on September 1, 1979 (artist's impression)

Pioneer 11 image of Saturn taken on 1979/08/26. Pioneer 11 image of Saturn taken on 1979/08/26.  Pioneer 11 image of Saturn taken on 1979/09/01. Pioneer 11 image of Saturn taken on 1979/09/01.  Pioneer 11 image of Saturn taken on 1979/09/01. Pioneer 11 image of Saturn taken on 1979/09/01.  Outgoing Pioneer 11 image of Saturn taken on 1979/09/03. Outgoing Pioneer 11 image of Saturn taken on 1979/09/03.

• وسائط متعلقة بـPioneer 11 Saturn encounter من مشاع المعرفة.

 انظر أيضاً

• المهام الفضائية غير المأهولة
• Pioneer plaque
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• كاسيني–هويگنز
• S band

 وصلات خارجية

• Pioneer Project Home Page
• Pioneer 11 Profile by NASA's Solar System Exploration
• Ted Stryk's Pioneer 11 at Saturn page
• NSSDC Pioneer 11 page
• Pioneer Odyssey, NASA SP-396, 1977 - This is an entire book about the Pioneer 10 and 11 project, with all pictures and diagrams, on-line! Scroll down to click on the "Table of Contents" link.