نيتريدات الحديد

نيتريدات الحديد هي مركبات غير عضوية من الحديد و النيتروجين.

الخصائص الكيميائية

للحديد خمس نيتريدات يمكن رصدها في الظروف الطبيعية: Fe₂N, Fe₃N₄, Fe₄N, Fe₇N₃ and Fe₁₆N₂. They are crystalline, metallic solids. Group 7 and group 8 transition metals form nitrides that decompose at relatively low temperatures—iron nitride, Fe₂N, decomposes with loss of molecular nitrogen at around 400 °C and formation of lower-nitrogen content iron nitrides. They are insoluble in water. At high pressure, stability and formation of new nitrogen-rich nitrides (N/Fe ratio at least one) were suggested^[1] and later discovered. These include the FeN, FeN₂ and FeN₄ solids which become thermodynamically stable above 17.7 GPa, 72 GPa and 106 GPa, respectively.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

المخاطر الصحية

حين يُسخّن حتى التحلل أو حين يتعرض للرطوبة، فإن نيتريد الحديد قد يَبعث أبخرة سامة من الأمونيا. ويُعتبر خطر انفجار متوسط. استنشاق غبار أو مسحوق نيتريد الحديد قد يسبب تهيج الجاز التنفسي وربما تسمم حاد بالحديد أو السحار الرئوي.

التطبيقات البحثية

المحلول الغرواني للجسيمات النانوية المغناطيسية لنيتريد الحديد هو طريقة لخلق موائع ممغنطة.

كما تصنع نيتريدات الحديد أقوى المواد المغناطيسية الطبيعية.^[7]^[8]^[9]

المراجع

^ Kartsev, Alexey (2015). "Thermodynamic Properties of NiAs-FeN Phase from First Principles" in International Conference on Simulation, Modelling and Mathematical Statistics.: 423–427.
^ Laniel, Dominique; Dewaele, Agnès; Anzellini, Simone; Guignot, Nicolas (2018-02-05). "Study of the iron nitride FeN into the megabar regime". Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 733: 53–58. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.10.267. ISSN 0925-8388.
^ Niwa, Ken; Terabe, Toshiki; Kato, Daiki; Takayama, Shin; Kato, Masahiko; Soda, Kazuo; Hasegawa, Masashi (2017-05-16). "Highly Coordinated Iron and Cobalt Nitrides Synthesized at High Pressures and High Temperatures". Inorganic Chemistry (in الإنجليزية). 56 (11): 6410–6418. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00516. ISSN 0020-1669. PMID 28509545.
^ Clark, William P.; Steinberg, Simon; Dronskowski, Richard; McCammon, Catherine; Kupenko, Ilya; Bykov, Maxim; Dubrovinsky, Leonid; Akselrud, Lev G.; et al., No label or title -- debug: Q36374759, Wikidata Q36374759
^ Laniel, Dominique; Dewaele, Agnès; Garbarino, Gaston (2018-03-05). "High Pressure and High Temperature Synthesis of the Iron Pernitride FeN₂". Inorganic Chemistry (in الإنجليزية). 57 (11): 6245–6251. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03272. ISSN 0020-1669. PMID 29505253.
^ Bykov, M.; Bykova, E.; Aprilis, G.; Glazyrin, K.; Koemets, E.; Chuvashova, I.; Kupenko, I.; McCammon, C.; et al., No label or title -- debug: Q55692060, Wikidata Q55692060
^ "Iron-nitrogen compound forms strongest magnet known".
^ Aravindh, S. Assa; Nokelainen, Johannes; Barbiellini, Bernardo; Alatalo, Matti; Murali, D.; Bansil, Arun (2022). "Re-examining the giant magnetization density in α′′-Fe₁₆N₂ with the SCAN+U method". Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. (in الإنجليزية). 24 (29): 17879–84. Bibcode:2022PCCP...2417879D. doi:10.1039/D2CP01734B. PMID 35851914.
^ Cui, J.; Kramer, M.; Zhou, L.; Liu, F.; Gabay, A.; Hadjipanayis, G.; Balasubramanian, B.; Sellmyer, D. (2018). "Current progress and future challenges in rare-earth-free permanent magnets". Acta Materialia. 158: 118–137. Bibcode:2018AcMat.158..118C. doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2018.07.049. §9. Iron nitride (ɑ″-Fe₁₆N₂)

v t e الأملاح والمشتقات المكافئة لأيون النيتريد
NH₃																	He(N₂)₁₁
Li₃N	Be₃N₂											BN	β-C₃N₄ g-C₃N₄	N₂	N_xO_y	NF₃	Ne
Na₃N	Mg₃N₂											AlN	SiN	PN P₃N₅	S_xN_y SN S₄N₄	NCl₃	Ar
K₃N	Ca₃N₂	ScN	TiN	VN	CrN Cr₂N	Mn_xN_y	Fe_xN_y	CoN	Ni₃N	CuN	Zn₃N₂	GaN	Ge₃N₄	As	Se	NBr₃	Kr
Rb₃N	Sr₃N₂	YN	ZrN	NbN	β-Mo₂N	Tc	Ru	Rh	PdN	Ag₃N	CdN	In	Sn	Sb	Te	I	Xe
Cs₃N	Ba₃N₂		Hf₃N₄	TaN	WN	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	Au	Hg₃N₂	TlN	Pb	BiN	Po	At	Rn
Fr	Ra		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Nh	Fl	Mc	Lv	Ts	Og
		↓
		La	CeN	Pr	Nd	Pm	Sm	Eu	GdN	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu
		Ac	Th	Pa	UN	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr

[1] Kartsev, Alexey (2015). "Thermodynamic Properties of NiAs-FeN Phase from First Principles" in International Conference on Simulation, Modelling and Mathematical Statistics.: 423–427.

[2] Laniel, Dominique; Dewaele, Agnès; Anzellini, Simone; Guignot, Nicolas (2018-02-05). "Study of the iron nitride FeN into the megabar regime". Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 733: 53–58. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.10.267. ISSN 0925-8388.

[3] Niwa, Ken; Terabe, Toshiki; Kato, Daiki; Takayama, Shin; Kato, Masahiko; Soda, Kazuo; Hasegawa, Masashi (2017-05-16). "Highly Coordinated Iron and Cobalt Nitrides Synthesized at High Pressures and High Temperatures". Inorganic Chemistry (in الإنجليزية). 56 (11): 6410–6418. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00516. ISSN 0020-1669. PMID 28509545.

[4] Clark, William P.; Steinberg, Simon; Dronskowski, Richard; McCammon, Catherine; Kupenko, Ilya; Bykov, Maxim; Dubrovinsky, Leonid; Akselrud, Lev G.; et al., No label or title -- debug: Q36374759, Wikidata Q36374759

[5] Laniel, Dominique; Dewaele, Agnès; Garbarino, Gaston (2018-03-05). "High Pressure and High Temperature Synthesis of the Iron Pernitride FeN₂". Inorganic Chemistry (in الإنجليزية). 57 (11): 6245–6251. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03272. ISSN 0020-1669. PMID 29505253.

[6] Bykov, M.; Bykova, E.; Aprilis, G.; Glazyrin, K.; Koemets, E.; Chuvashova, I.; Kupenko, I.; McCammon, C.; et al., No label or title -- debug: Q55692060, Wikidata Q55692060

[7] "Iron-nitrogen compound forms strongest magnet known".

[8] Aravindh, S. Assa; Nokelainen, Johannes; Barbiellini, Bernardo; Alatalo, Matti; Murali, D.; Bansil, Arun (2022). "Re-examining the giant magnetization density in α′′-Fe₁₆N₂ with the SCAN+U method". Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. (in الإنجليزية). 24 (29): 17879–84. Bibcode:2022PCCP...2417879D. doi:10.1039/D2CP01734B. PMID 35851914.

[9] Cui, J.; Kramer, M.; Zhou, L.; Liu, F.; Gabay, A.; Hadjipanayis, G.; Balasubramanian, B.; Sellmyer, D. (2018). "Current progress and future challenges in rare-earth-free permanent magnets". Acta Materialia. 158: 118–137. Bibcode:2018AcMat.158..118C. doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2018.07.049. §9. Iron nitride (ɑ″-Fe₁₆N₂)

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